Just outside Baku, in the arid, lunar-like landscapes of Gobustan, lies one of Azerbaijan’s most extraordinary natural wonders—the mud volcanoes. With over 300 located across the country, Azerbaijan holds nearly half of the world’s total number, and the Gobustan region is particularly famous for hosting the most active and accessible ones. These fascinating formations bubble, hiss, and occasionally erupt with cool mud and gas, creating a surreal spectacle that seems more Martian than Earthly.

The phenomenon of mud volcanism in this region dates back millions of years, but human curiosity around them can be traced to ancient times. Even as early as the 1st century AD, Roman naturalists like Pliny the Elder wrote about strange “burning earths” in the Caspian region. Over the centuries, they have continued to intrigue geologists, explorers, and travelers alike.

Visiting the mud volcanoes today feels like stepping into a natural science exhibit—raw, unpredictable, and absolutely captivating. Despite their dramatic appearance, they are generally safe and easy to approach, making them a unique and unforgettable stop on any trip to Azerbaijan.

If you clicked on the image of the mud volcanoes, your adventurous spirit is already showing—so scroll below to explore the trips featuring this natural wonder and pick the one that matches your curiosity.